Word: cyprus
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Looking at the struggles in Algeria, in Cyprus and in Lebanon, where the flames of violence danced high, headline writers and editorial writers and TV commentators, out of weary habit born of a decade of cold war, tended to reduce all these struggles to a single, naked question: Who's winning, the West or the Russians...
They saw that the Cyprus quarrel was rending the eastern end of the NATO alliance; they worried whether the Algerian and Lebanese rebellions would drive the whole Moslem world into neutralism or worse. But though these problems affected the balance of power between Russia and the U.S., they all predated the cold war, which was not even a dominant issue in the eyes of the people most concerned. In each case, today's rioters and peacemakers were the heirs of a contest of over 2,000 years for the possession of every fought-over foot of the Mediterranean littoral...
...Cyprus has been ruled in turn by Rome, Byzantium, Richard the Lion-Hearted, the French Lusignans, Venice, Ottoman Turkey and Britain. Though they have lived side by side since 1571, the island's Greek majority and Turkish minority have never blended, and when the Greek Cypriots in 1955 took the fateful decision to impose union with Greece by violence, it was perhaps inevitable that the Turkish Cypriots in turn would defend their position by the same means...
...finger-wagging form, Britain's Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, defended himself from the outcry that arose when he invited (as a guest at next July's Lambeth Conference of the world's Anglican bishops) bearded Greek Orthodox Archbishop Makarios, exiled ethnarch of Cyprus. To have omitted Makarios, argued Dr. Fisher, "would inevitably have been interpreted not as an ecclesiastical but as a political action." Makarios said he would try to make it to England, but planned first to visit President Gamal Abdel Nasser of the United Arab Republic...
Karamanlis had in his favor Greece's relative prosperity, and his own reputation as a good administrator. His critics accused him of being too much in palace favor and too pro-American. All parties insisted on independence for British-run Cyprus, but Karamanlis had tried to keep this passionate subject muted. Long after midnight the results came in. Karamanlis and his National Radical Union finished well out front, but the big surprise was the strong showing of the Communist E.D.A., eight years after the ugly civil war against Communist guerrillas...