Word: cytoplasmic
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...this point, Wilmut and his colleagues switched to a mainstream cloning technique known as nuclear transfer. First they removed the nucleus of an unfertilized egg, or oocyte, while leaving the surrounding cytoplasm intact. Then they placed the egg next to the nucleus of a quiescent donor cell and applied gentle pulses of electricity. These pulses prompted the egg to accept the new nucleus--and all the DNA it contained--as though it were its own. They also triggered a burst of biochemical activity, jump-starting the process of cell division. A week later, the embryo that had already started growing...
...consequences will be a plague of mushrooms. That is how many fungi reproduce, and this mass of subterranean cytoplasm, known scientifically as Armillaria bulbosa, is one humongous fungus. The mushrooms are aboveground appendages of the real organism, a tangled mass of stringlike tendrils that spread below the surface. Just how far a given fungus can spread has always been open to speculation. Unless scientists happen to dig right where two clearly different fungi meet, there is no easy way to tell where one ends and another begins...
...proteins fits perfectly, like a key into a lock. Docking with the cell, the virus penetrates the cell membrane and is stripped of its protective shell in the process. Within half an hour, the strand of RNA and an enzyme the virus carries with it are floating in the cytoplasm, the fluid interior of the cell...
Seing as I've established myself as an expert on lecturers, I think I'm justified in saying that almost every lecturer lingers on the left hand side of the political spectrum. I'm not talking about the lectures the Med School on "Cytoplasm and Enzymes Within Revolutionary Cells" and the like; lecturers of this ilk tend to obscure their political leanings as well as they do their general train of thought. What I'm talking about is your standard, intended-for-the-layman, issue-oriented lecture, by someone who can draw crowds...
...after wrestling with the question, Francis Crick postulated (and Harvard Biochemists Paul Zamecnik and Mahlon Hoagland confirmed) a second form of RNA, which was later found to carry specific amino acids floating in the cytoplasm to the ribosomes; this substance became known as transfer RNA. Then in the early 1960s, biologists discovered a third kind of RNA?shortly after its existence had been theorized by Jacques Monod and François Jacob of France's Pasteur Institute. Called messenger RNA, it provided the missing piece in the molecular puzzle. It was formed on an uncoiled strip of DNA in the nucleus...