Word: czar
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Schacht, as Germany's economic czar from 1933 to 1939, provided the money and raw materials for the Nazis' war machine. But when Hitler crashed, Schacht stood in the war criminals' dock at Nürnberg and vowed: "I would have killed Hitler personally if given the chance." Commented Von Ribbentrop, no lily himself: "He sold himself to many people before, now he is selling himself to the Allies also...
Born in Russia, where his grandfather had been a bandmaster to Czar Nicholas I, Efrem, along with an older brother, Arved, escaped to Riga, after the Bolshevik Revolution. Edmund soon joined them. All three brothers finished their musical training in Berlin, then went separate ways. Efrem got his big chance to conduct with the Berlin Philharmonic in 1921; Edmund made his concert debut in Rome in 1924. After nine years in Stuttgart, and another nine conducting the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo orchestra on international tours, Efrem settled down in the U.S., built up the Kansas City Philharmonic for five...
...early years fitted him for the Communist aristocracy-a poor childhood, the Czar's army at 18, underground intrigue with secret printing presses, a term in prison, escape. In exile, he became boss of the party's international "transport," which is Communist doubletalk for the smuggling of arms, money and secret communications. "As long as Papasha is there," Lenin remarked admiringly one day in 1904, "we shall have transport...
...soon as the government figured out its budget on the new exchange rate, it announced a deficit of $189 million. Economic Czar Boris Kidric thereupon cheekily told Parliament that "we have a moral right" to expect the West (i.e., the U.S.) to make it up, "because we are exposed to more difficulties than any other country in Europe today...
There were partisans in the orchestra to support each hypothesis. But James Caesar Petrillo, czar of the mighty American Federation of Musicians, rushed to the concertmaster's corner. "The way I understand it," steamed Petrillo, "things weren't going so good, so [Halasz] throws the baton in this kid's face ... If Halasz is looking for trouble he's going to get it-especially in Chicago." Petrillo stoked his boiler until just before curtain time for the next performance, and then, with the audience in their seats for Carmen, ordered the musicians...