Word: czars
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...passionate patriot, he is also a ferocious critic of Communism. In a horrendous poem printed in 1963, he likens the relation between the Russians and their rulers to that between Peter the Great and one of his mistresses. Having cut off the poor wench's head, the czar snatched it up again by the hair and then, according to eyewitnesses, kissed the bloody carrion passionately on the lips. Unlike Evtushenko, however, Voznesensky is not primarily a political poet. He is concerned with politics because he is concerned with the suffering it causes, but he clearly comprehends that...
...TIME'S reference to a Napoleonic parallel involving Charles de Gaulle [July 1] is intriguing. On June 25, 1807, almost 159 years ago to the day that De Gaulle met with the chiefs of the Soviet government, Czar Alexander I of Russia met with Emperor Napoleon of France at Tilsit in Prussia. They embraced; they exchanged decorations and pledges of friendship. Like De Gaulle, Alexander hoped to play the role of peacemaker and to divide the European continent between Russia and France. Yet by 1812 the Emperor was sleeping in the Kremlin in a burning Moscow. I wonder whether...
...which gave him the opportunity to strike again on the anvil of Franco-Russian cultural rapprochement. "How can one forget," he said, "that the great academy I am visiting today is the successor of one founded by Peter the Great in 1725? Later, the same drive that inspired Czar Peter carried you to Siberia, to discover great riches: oil, gas, metals. And to construct new cities. Let Soviet and French science unite for the progress of man. as Russia and France unite for the peace of the world...
Since the 17th century, under czar and commissar alike, a central facet of Russian foreign policy has been the drive toward the Middle East. Nicholas II almost secured both sides of the Dardanelles link to the Mediterranean with British help in World War I, but the Russian Revolution ended that. Stalin made an effort during World War II but was rebuffed. Not until Nikita Khrushchev came to absolute power in 1955 did the Soviet push begin to make headway...
...entertainments (among them an operetta performed stark naked) that the kingdom went bankrupt within seven years. In 1812 he deserted his troops in Russia, and in 1840 he sold his 20-year-old daughter for several million francs to a notorious Russian sadist who tortured her nightly until the Czar intervened. In 1860, after a last grand fling under Napoleon III, Fifi died of a stroke -while gambling...