Word: czechoslovakias
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Despite their exclusion from the agenda, it was plain that China and Czechoslovakia were the real issues at the conference. On both, the Russians had tried to cover their positions in ad vance. Moscow propagandists a month ago performed their own unilateral ex communication of China by pronouncing that Mao's party now had "nothing in common with international Communism" and was merely the apparatus of a "military clique" ruling China and masquerading as Communists. Since the shooting on the Ussuri River last March, the Russians have been trying to enlist the sympathy of foreign parties and the world...
Besides a condemnation of China, Russia has something else that it would dearly love to extract from the delegates. That is an endorsement of the principle of limited sovereignty as expressed in the Brezhnev Doctrine. As a justification for the invasion of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet party boss last November expounded a new policy asserting that members of the Socialist Commonwealth have the right to intervene in the affairs of another member whenever the purity and primacy of socialism are endangered in that country. Foreign Communists who feel most threatened by the policy, notably the Rumanians and Yugoslavs, fear that...
Aware of the opposition, the Soviets enlisted support for the doctrine from its first victims. Shortly before leaving for Moscow, Czechoslovak Party First Secretary Gustav Husak, who in April replaced Alexander Dubcek, declared that "anti-Communist and anti-Soviet insti gations" had justified the intervention of Czechoslovakia's Warsaw Pact neigh bors. In Moscow, Husak, accompanied by new hard-line officials who only the week before had accomplished a purge of most of the prominent liberals on the Czechoslovak Central Committee, pleaded with the Italians and other foreign Communists not to discuss the Czechoslovakia issue in the conference...
...stretched so broadly that widely different political movements can and do invoke it (see TIME ESSAY, page 35). In its specific applications, the faith is hopelessly split. Within little more than a decade, Communism has undergone a great schism (Moscow v. Peking), experienced an abortive reformation (Dubcek's Czechoslovakia), and developed a plethora of protestant sects (Yugoslavia and Rumania, among others). The once vaunted and feared unity of Communism has shattered into a bewildering, quarrelsome, logic-and dogma-defying set of parties...
...sense is turned upside down. By any measure, Yugoslavia is as "revisionist" as a Red state can be; yet China, keeper of the purist faith, is now making some indirect conciliatory gestures toward Tito. Even though China branded the Dubcek regime revisionist, it condemned the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia...