Word: czechoslovakias
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...this crisis, Ceausescu has become leader of the country in spirit as well as in title. Rumanians are clearly satisfied that the party leadership has refused to knuckle under. Ceausescu thus has accomplished in Rumania something like what Dubček earlier achieved in Czechoslovakia: the party has acquired its first genuinely widespread popularity. The Czechoslovak ambassador in Bucharest has a fat file containing the names of local families who have volunteered to take in stranded Czechs. A Rumanian writer who spent seven years in jail for organizing a demonstration in support of the rebel Hungarians in 1956 reported that...
...Czechoslovakia's faint remaining hopes for freedom last week flickered up, then died in the darkness of a new Soviet tyranny. Party Leader Alexander Dubček and his government returned from Moscow alive and intact, only to be forced to dismantle their democratic reforms. The tanks pulled back out of sight from the centers of Czechoslovakia's cities, only to be replaced by hundreds of grim, brutal KGB (secret police) agents flown in from Moscow to manage and monitor the country's life. Liberal Czechoslovak officials were soon being removed from their posts, and from Moscow...
...Faint. As the leader of his country's experiment to infuse Communism with humanism and democracy, Dubček was the symbol and hero of Czechoslovakia's will to be free. The circumstances of his arrival last week in Prague, after three days of negotiations in Moscow, illustrated the unyielding grip in which the Soviets and their hard-lining East Bloc allies now hold his land. Dubček's plane landed in secret at dawn. Bulgarian troops and tanks guarded the field, and Soviet secret police whisked him and his fellow reformist leaders in official Soviet...
Music dramatized the mood of hope. For hours, as tension and expectations rose, Radio Free Prague played over and over Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, whose stirring strains once served to rally Czechoslovakia's wartime resistance movement against the Germans. Then, in midafternoon, one of the leaders finally spoke. It was President Ludvik Svoboda, and when he finished, Radio Free Prague played a dirge...
...worse than Cierna," a member of the Czechoslovak delegation said later. With Brezhnev leading the attack, the Russians ordered Svoboda to set up an anti-Dubček puppet regime. They insisted on the right to name the members of the Presidium. If he did not comply, they warned, Czechoslovakia would be submitted to punishments that would make the rape of Hungary seem mild. They apparently even threatened to dismember the country, incorporating Slovakia into the Soviet Union and turning Bohemia and Moravia, the other two Czechoslovak provinces, into military protectorates...