Word: czechoslovakias
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...help get Czech troops out of Russia to continue the fight against Germany after the Bolsheviks opted out of World War I. At his trial, Savinkov himself testified that he did not know exactly what the money was to be used for, and even the official Soviet history of Czechoslovakia published in 1960 did not accuse Masaryk, a gentle, scholarly man, of plotting to kill Lenin. The charge was clearly a clumsy canard thrown in to aid Moscow's psychological warfare being waged against the Dubcek regime...
Clumsy Canard. Kosygin arrived at a time of rising anti-Soviet feeling in Czechoslovakia. Earlier in the week, that feeling had been exacerbated by an article in Moscow's Sovietskaya Rossiya that called Dr. Thomas G. Masaryk, founder of the Czechoslovak republic and the country's most revered historical figure, an "absolute scoundrel." The journal charged that Masaryk in 1918 paid a Russian terrorist named Boris Savinkov 200,000 rubles (then worth some $10,000) to kill Lenin. Masaryk's memory is enjoying a fresh outpouring of honor and homage in the wave of current reform...
...Moscow for a Kremlin conference the week before? "No question that could sow distrust was at stake. The role of the Soviet Union has been much overplayed." Were the "military maneuvers" of the Russian army in Poland over? "Why don't you ask the Poles?" Cernik insisted that Czechoslovakia would never alter its ties to Russia, but added: "We think we can contribute to the dismantling of the cold war." Cernik and Sik made plain that investments by the capitalist world would henceforth be welcome, announced that small, family-scale free enterprise would again be permitted in Czechoslovakia. Eventually...
...Also for the first time, the party newspaper Rude Pravo invited its readers to weigh in with their views on the direction Czechoslovakia ought to take. The questions in the poll were nothing if not direct, including one that asked whether "an internal democratization process of the Communist Party is a sufficient guarantee for democracy...
...Rumanian man in the street, liberalization is still mostly a promise. The country's press remains the most controlled in Eastern Europe, and the police continue to keep a tight rein on the country's everyday life. Still, anticipating the effects of liberalization in nearby Czechoslovakia, Ceauşescu has begun to ease up on his people. "The past, when people went to work never knowing whether they would return home," he says, "must never be allowed to be repeated." To ensure that it is not repeated, he has purged 20,000 Stalinists from the government, including...