Word: czechoslovakias
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...CZECHOSLOVAKIA...
...River in Prague. Though he eventually came around to recognizing the need for a reorganization of the country's decrepit economy and for granting wider freedom of expression to writers, he did so only reluctantly. He ran a severe police state, yoked the economy and foreign policy of Czechoslovakia to the needs of the Soviet Union and mercilessly purged "revisionists." Ill suited by training and temperament for any sort of liberalization, he later stalled on economic reforms and took back some of -the privileges that he had granted the writers-thus setting off the intraparty fight that brought...
Sensing the country's mood, the Roman Catholic Church demanded wider religious freedom. In a letter to Dubcek, Bishop Frantisek Tomasek of Prague called for the return to Czechoslovakia of Primate Josef Cardinal Beran, 79. Cardinal Beran, whom the Communists kept under house arrest for 14 years, agreed to leave the country in 1965 in exchange for party concessions to the church; he is now living in the Vatican. Without fully suppressing it, the party has harassed the church for 19 years, even appoints the priests for some dioceses. Bishop Tomasek's letter also asked Dubcek to begin...
...days running. Warsaw University authorities locked the campus gates when thousands of students refused to attend lectures. At War saw's Polytechnical Institute, some 5,000 students sacked out in the hallways, playing cards, listening to Chopin tapes and tuning in Western news broadcasts, including reports on Czechoslovakia, where just the sort of liberalization they are demanding is unfolding. At week's end the students picked up their gear and returned to their homes, but classes were still canceled...
...Inclination. Like Czechoslovakia, Poland has been due for some top-level changes, but the chance that reforms will automatically come with them is dim. The last influential figure from a never strong liberal wing, Philosophy Professor Leszek Kolakowski, was booted from party membership two years ago. President Edward Ochab, tired and almost blind at 62, is expected to retire in time for the Polish party conference late next fall, and some observers think that Gomulka may lift himself upstairs to the presidency, allowing a younger man to undertake party chairmanship...