Word: czechoslovaks
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...central line that virtually cuts the country in half, and 60 guns still ring Prague. The one major concession that the Soviets made in the treaty governing the "temporary" stationing of their troops in Czechoslovakia carried an ominous loophole. The status-of-forces clause in the treaty provided that Czechoslovak law should apply to occupying soldiers as well as citizens. But when "higher interests" were involved, previous dictates made clear, Moscow's orders would prevail...
Departing Elite. Hanging over everyone is the question of whether and when the Soviets will begin mass arrests. Czechoslovaks remember all too well that in Hungary the roundup of dissidents did not begin until three months after the 1956 uprising was crushed, and did not peak until six months after the event. Fearing that possibility, some 600 scientists have left the country, and last week an airlift began bringing the first Czechoslovak refugees from Vienna to the U.S. They are mostly from Czechoslovakia's intellectual elite. A factory hand summed up the prevailing bitter mood of those Czechoslovaks...
Despite the obvious risks, the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences defiantly challenged the Brezhnev Doctrine in a reply to Soviet allegations that the country had been in the grip of a counterrevolution. The Soviets made the charge in a pamphlet now being distributed in Czechoslovakia. Dismissing the Soviet arguments as "inventions" and "schoolboy sins against logic," the academy, which is composed of the country's leading intellectual figures, warned against the Soviet Union's unwillingness to allow Communism to accommodate to change. Said the academy: "The metaphysical conception of Socialism as a perfect system leads logically to the conclusion...
Similarly, the French party, which is the Continent's second largest Communist group, has split with Moscow for the first time in its history. One result is that the party, which has a strong Stalinist tradition, has itself split into pro-Moscow and pro-Czechoslovak factions. After bitter quarrels over policy, the symbolic leader of the hard-line faction last week quit the party. She is Madame Jeannette Thorez-Vermeersch, the 58-year-old widow of the party's longtime leader, Maurice Thorez, sometimes known in party circles as "the Hag" because of her terrible temper...
...DANIEL: So far, I have not touched on my motives in the Czechoslovak question. I do not admit guilt, but have I any regrets? To some extent, I do. I regret very deeply the fact that with me on this bench is a young man whose personality is still unformed. I am speaking of [Vadim] Delone [a 21-year-old student and poet sentenced to 34 months at hard labor], whose character may be crippled by being sent to a prison camp. I regret, too, that the gifted, honest scholar [Konstantin] Babitsky [a 32-year-old Moscow philologist...