Word: czestochowa
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...solemnly celebrate the nation's conversion to Christendom 1,000 years ago this year. Religious ceremonies are scheduled for many parts of the country, but the highlight will come May 3, the Polish national holiday, when thousands of Poles will journey to the Jasna Gora monastery in Czestochowa, home of the nationally cherished "Black Madonna." The Communist regime of Wladyslaw Gomulka, which has conducted a running feud with the church, is desperately anxious to avoid or at least diminish any public demonstration of Roman Catholic power in Poland. Last week, as the church began the first of its millennium...
...clothes now, some too big, some too small, and some coming out at the elbow." Poland, which permits great personal freedom of expression and in the arts, is currently undergoing a tight fit with religion: Catholic bishops who want to celebrate the 1,000th year of Polish Catholicism in Czestochowa this May are clashing head-on with party nationalists, who want to save the thunder for the millennium of Polish nationhood and protect the Oder-Neisse Line from West German "ecumenism" as well. As a result, Gomulka's government denied a passport to Rome for Stefan Cardinal Wyszy...
...Ecumenical Council ended in Rome last month, the Polish delegation headed by Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, acting in the truest spirit of Christian reconciliation, invited East and West Germany's 54 bishops, archbishops and cardinals to attend the ceremonies in Czestochowa next May marking the 1,000th anniversary of the conversion of Poland's King Mieczyslaw I. Wrote the Polish churchmen: "We grant forgiveness and ask forgiveness. Let us forget. No polemics. No more cold...
Gomulka's hard line raised doubts that he would issue visas for the German churchmen to enter Poland. And it obviously reduced the chances that some way would be found to extend an invitation to Pope Paul VI, who wishes to go to Czestochowa...
Wladyslaw Gomulka can refuse to issue visas to the West German bishops-but if he does, Pope Paul VI, who in the 1920s filled a diplomatic post in Warsaw and who would greatly like to attend the ceremonies at Czestochowa himself, can hardly overlook the insult to his church. The Vatican last week could only wait, and hope that Gomulka would simmer down...