Word: dadaism
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...playwright's fancy was taken by the fact that three revolutionaries of vastly differing temperaments and persuasions lived contiguously in Zurich during World War I. They were Tristan Tzara, Rumanian poet and founder of Dadaism, James Joyce and Lenin. There is no evidence that they ever met each other, but in Travesties, they do. Stoppard was further intrigued by a suit filed against Joyce by one Henry Carr for the price of a pair of trousers. A minor British consular official, Carr had purchased the trousers to play Algernon Moncrieff in The Importance of Being Earnest for a Joyce...
Stoppard seems chiefly concerned, in Travesties, to explore the relationship between art and social class. The aesthetic theories associated with Tzara and Lenin-dadaism and socialist realism--are both attacks on the conventional bourgeois notion of art, though from different directions. Yet just as Tzara becomes as conventionally middle-class as a character in The Importance of Being Earnest, Lenin himself is only moved by the decadent art of Chekhov and Beethoven. Joyce, perhaps, offers another angle on the problem, but one not explored much by Stoppard, who leaves Joyce as a tweedy, limerick-spouting stage-Irishman and stock anti...
...labored and rather masochistic fortissimo, executed in the belief that feeling was all: jagged lines, dissonant and fulgid colors, heavy gloom. The level of sophistication, except in Klee, Feininger, Schiele and occasionally Beckmann, was close to zero. Expressionism was a young man's movement, the creation (like Dadaism) of people in their...
...student in Europe during World War I, Borges was greatly influenced by the Symbolist poets and Ultraism, a literary offshoot of Dadaism. Later, back in Argentina, he wrote poetry and essays for avant-garde journals, and edited anthologies of Argentine literature, including a book of detective stories. But it was not until the late '30s that Borges wrote Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius, one of the first and perhaps best known of his short fictions...
...aesthetic exigencies of his own age, Ungaretti shared with his close friends Apollinaire and the Fauvist Braque a profound despair over history's irrationality. But Apollinaire never survived the War, and those who did were so shattered and forlorn that their only response was that of an iconoclastic Dadaism...