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...Such data will be available only after the flu season ends next spring, at which point researchers can study hospital records of children who were treated for H1N1 infection. Only then can they compare those who received both doses of the vaccine to those who missed their second shot, and see if one or the other group was more likely to come down with...
Another reason to be cautious about the Australian data, says Fiore, is that the youngsters in the study were all healthy, with normal immune systems. But those who are most vulnerable to influenza are children with underlying conditions such as asthma or diabetes, who may need the added boost from a second dose to protect them from complications of the flu. He notes also that previous studies of other H1N1 vaccines showed slightly weaker antibody responses in children after a single dose than the Australian shot, which suggests one dose may not be enough to effectively combat influenza in youngsters...
Experts note that the CDC database - the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (ADDM) - is the closest thing to an ideal measure of autism's prevalence. The data are culled from assessments made by health or developmental professionals, including pediatricians, psychologists and language and speech pathologists. In previous evaluations, autism estimates were based on less reliable parental reporting of symptoms or diagnoses...
Another strength of the ADDM network is that it allows researchers to track autism rates over time. For the current study, Catherine Rice, a behavioral scientist at the CDC's National Center of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, compared data from 10 sites in 2002 with the latest figures from 2006 - using a consistent definition of ASD - to determine that the prevalence of ASD had increased...
...This is going to be a complicated story," Rice told TIME, referring to the ongoing task of identifying reasons for the increase. "We know we're not going to get a single answer. But we can use these data sets in addition to all the other research going on to look at the causes of autism and try to put this together." (Read "New Evidence That Early Therapy Helps Autistic Kids...