Word: demand
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...communist revolution was won in the countryside, but political power now rests in the urban areas, precisely where the reforms have generated less enthusiasm. To older workers in state industries, the demand for greater efficiency, with the threat of bankruptcy as the goad, presages more work with less job-security. Government bureaucrats and factory party committees resent and dislike the price rises which the partial freeing of the market has already meant...
...Since 1980, that conflict has put a huge prop under a sagging business. The arms trade has been falling off in recent years, partly because world weapons pipelines are full and partly because governments are increasingly crowding the individual dealers out of what sales opportunities are left. But the demand from the Persian Gulf combatants for weapons to use against each other has created a flourishing market for all branches of the arms trade...
...transmitting telephone calls across the ocean until 1956, when the first voice-carrying cable was completed. Dubbed TAT-1, for transatlantic, the $49.5 million telephone cable connected Newfoundland with Scotland and could carry 52 telephone calls. More cables followed, but the number of available wires remained well below demand until recent years. The last conventional cable to be installed, TAT-7, was built in 1983 for $191 million and carries up to 9,000 calls...
That potential demand makes some people anxious to see the surrogate practice halted now. "If you regulate it," objects William Pierce, president of the National Committee for Adoption, "that is making a public statement that it's all right. We decided a hundred years ago we didn't want people bought and sold in this country." Some religious groups vehemently oppose the practice. The Roman Catholic Church, which condemns artificial insemination outside of marriage, regards surrogacy as a violation of the biological and spiritual unity of husband and wife. In a joint statement last month, New Jersey's bishops further...
...status of the reported 1.8 million Soviet Jews is more difficult. Jewish emigration has been cut to fewer than 50 a month (vs. a peak of 51,300 in 1979), but the continuing demand for emigration shows how difficult it is for Soviet Jews to maintain an identity. Last September, for example, one of the Soviet Union's few remaining mikvahs (ritual baths) was reportedly leveled by authorities...