Word: deng
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...People last week as the solemn figure in the gray business suit nervously took a seat at the podium. The surprise arrival was none other than the recently disgraced Hu Yaobang, 71, who was purged in January as Communist Party chief and heir apparent to Chinese Leader Deng Xiaoping. Hu's unexpected reappearance at the annual National People's Congress, China's largest policymaking body, marked the latest twist in the protracted power struggle that has shaken the country in recent months and threatened Deng's sweeping economic reforms. Said one of the nearly 3,000 congress delegates...
...congress could not have come at a more sensitive time. At issue amid the ongoing political turmoil is China's leadership into the 21st century. On one side are ambitious young reformers who want to press ahead with the radical innovations such as profits and private ownership that Deng, 82, has begun. On the other are mostly aging hard-liners determined to slow or roll back Deng's reforms and quiet the winds of Western-style democratic change, which they derisively label "bourgeois liberalization." Led by Peng Zhen, 85, chairman of the standing committee of the National People's Congress...
...warring factions have since settled into an uneasy standoff, as Deng has sought the middle ground. That was clearly evident last week when Premier Zhao Ziyang, a leading Deng disciple, delivered the Congress's opening address. While some reformers "are not sober-minded enough," Zhao declared in his 1-hour, 50-minute speech, their conservative opponents may not be "mentally emancipated enough." In any case, Zhao said, the government has already rooted out the worst excesses of reform: "After several months of work since the end of last year, we have curbed bourgeois liberalization, which was once quite widespread." Having...
...impact of the latest power struggle is hard to ignore. Last year's toleration of dissent is clearly at an end. Deng Liqun, a leading member of the party secretariat and the conservatives' chief ideologue, has shut at least seven liberal newspapers and journals since January and is reasserting party control over virtually all Chinese publications. Said a Communist official in a recent speech: "As everyone knows, journalism is a component of the party's undertakings and is its mouthpiece." Deng Liqun has also reinstated political indoctrination in China's schools. Peking University students must now attend two political classes...
China's bustling workplaces give further evidence that Deng Xiaoping's reforms are still on track -- and making headway. Western visitors to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces, where free enterprise thrives in factories and shops, have found no retreat from the reforms. To emphasize that the political furor in Peking has left them largely unaffected, local officials cite a Chinese maxim: "The mountains are high, and the emperor is far away." Even in the capital the pace of change seems unabated. The Bank of China last week agreed to link its Great Wall credit card with New York-based MasterCard...