Word: deng
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Wearing a gray Mao jacket, Premier Zhao Ziyang delivered the keynote address last week at the opening session in Peking of the National People's Congress, China's nominal parliament. His theme was "socialist economic construction," a euphemism for the wide-ranging reforms instituted by Paramount Leader Deng Xiaoping that have decentralized economic planning and decision making. Zhao spoke of "gratifying major successes" over the past year in industry, housing and agriculture. Then, in a surprising admission before the 2,712 delegates, he acknowledged that there were problems...
...product of their work." But Gorbachev also cautioned against letting the drive for greater material benefits disrupt "social justice," a signal that the Soviet Union, for all its economic difficulties, was not about to adopt the sort of incentive systems being introduced and practiced these days in Deng Xiaoping's China...
...afford" notions promoted by Mao Tse-tung during the 1958-59 Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and '70s. Hu's observations about the turbulent past highlighted China's current embrace of a new economic philosophy stressing incentives and rewards, propounded by de facto Leader Deng Xiaoping. Correspondent David Aikman, a longtime student of Chinese affairs who has just completed a two-year assignment as TIME's bureau chief in Peking, provides these observations on the continuing changes in the world's most populous country...
...still too early to determine the permanence of the metamorphosis created by Deng's reforms over the past five years, and where it will end. The only indisputable indicators are economic: an average annual increase in agricultural production of 7.9% since 1978; a spurt in rural per capita income, from $67 a year in 1978 to $155 in 1983; a 23% expansion in foreign trade last year, to a record $49.7 billion. Chinese construction is booming: nearly half the peasant housing in the countryside has been erected since...
...Deng, now 80, appears untroubled by both the ferment his modernization schemes have aroused and the reaction against that ferment. He believes, it seems, that the open-door policy of welcoming foreign skills and investment will permanently change the face of Chinese life--for the better. He may be right. Some 200,000 Americans alone visited China during 1984, many of them leading delegations from sister cities or sister states in the U.S. that are quietly establishing their own special access to China. In the opposite direction, more than 300 Chinese delegations a month travel to the U.S., soaking...