Word: deng
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Deng extends economic reform from the farm to the factory...
Something was obviously afoot. China's leader, Deng Xiaoping, 80, who usually chooses to operate behind the scenes, uncharacteristically commanded center stage at National Day celebrations three weeks ago. Then, for an unprecedented nine days in a row, the low-profile leader appeared on the front page of People's Daily. In most of the articles quoting him, he pointedly asserted that his "open-door" policy on foreign trade would continue and that the capitalist system in Hong Kong would be preserved for at least 50 years after China reassumes control of the British colony in 1997. Finally...
...People's Republic. After 618 delegates had gathered behind closed doors for seven days during what was officially known as the Third Plenum of the Twelfth Central Committee, Chinese leaders released a 16,000-word resolution outlining a complex package of new economic reforms. The program consolidated Deng's five-year attempt to promote a free-market system in the countryside. More important, the new scheme extended those reforms to the long-stagnant cities, thereby promising the "invigoration" of notoriously sluggish industries and offering 200 million urban workers a chance to catch up with some...
...improvements were made necessary by the success of the reforms initiated during the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Central Committee, in 1978. At that meeting Deng effectively consolidated his power over China and set about rebuilding an economy laid waste by 20 years of Maoist experimentation. The new leader's major innovation was the "contract responsibility system" that permitted peasants, once they had turned over a relatively modest quota of their crops to the government, to sell the rest on the open market. The results have been stunning: record harvests in almost every crop since 1979, and agricultural output...
...intelligence is diminishing. "The competence of an individual does not change much with age," said Dr. T Franklin Williams, director of the National Institute on Aging. "Many people in their 80s and 90s are quite capable of being President." Gerontologists point out that China is vigorously run by Deng Xiaoping, 80, and that half the members of the Soviet Politburo are over...