Word: deng
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...ouster was formal proof that Deng had succeeded in his four-year struggle to shift the balance of power in the Peking leadership and win wide-based acceptance for his program to speed up China's economic growth. To fight Hua and his supporters, Deng had carefully put together a coalition of his own composed of thousands of officials who had been ignominiously disgraced-like Deng and Hu themselves-during the 1966-76 Cultural Revolution, returning from exile only after Mao's death. Under Deng, this group has sought to free China from the rigid constraints Maoism...
Having defeated Hua, Deng took on Mao. The Central Committee's 27,000-word resolution, the product of a year of internecine argument and six complete rewrites, was a devastating critique of Mao's leadership and policies during nearly all of his 39-year reign. Though the resolution credited Mao for performing "indelible meritorious service in founding and building up our party," he was accused of committing "theoretical and practical mistakes concerning class struggle in a socialist society." Mao's worst errors, which caused China "the most severe setbacks and heaviest losses," came during the Cultural Revolution...
...years he has marched in lock-step with his more celebrated mentor, engaged in the same skirmishes, succumbed to the same defeats. Last week he shared in the same triumph. China's new Chairman, Hu Yaobang (pronounced Who Yow-bong), is the obliging alter ego for Deng Xiaoping, the country's real strongman. A shade shorter and ten years younger than the 5-ft. 2-in., 76-year-old Deng, Hu has the same resilience, explosive energy and quick intelligence. At the same time, Hu is a demanding administrator who can be relied on to carry...
...Chinese Nationalists, when the Communists retreated 6,000 miles through eleven provinces before reaching Yanan in Shaanxi province. Though Hu never finished primary school and had to teach himself how to read, Mao assigned him to increasingly important jobs in the C.Y.L. in the 1930s. In 1941 Hu met Deng while they were both serving as political commissars with the army. Following the defeat of the Nationalists, Hu rose to become head of the C.Y.L. while his mentor, Deng, was a Vice Premier in the new Communist government...
When Mao launched his devastating Cultural Revolution in 1966, Hu was one of its first victims. With Deng, he was branded a "capitalist reader." Both men were stripped of power for nearly a decade. Hu was sent to a re-education camp, where he was obliged not only to tend cattle but to eat and sleep with the sheep and horses...