Word: deng
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...wants to keep it. His political reforms, glasnost, are totally inadequate compared with a free society. But compared with what the Soviet people had before, the changes are breathtaking. His economic reforms, perestroika, have been an abject failure. For example, in the ten years of Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms, the per capita income of the Chinese people has doubled. In the five years of Gorbachev's rule, the per capita income of the Russian people has gone down. But while Gorbachev has only marginally changed the Soviet Union, he has profoundly changed the world, simply by saying what many...
...past decade, Deng Xiaoping shed so many of his titles that Westerners came to refer to him simply as China's leader. Last week he retired from his final official party post -- the chairmanship of the Central Military Commission, the party organ that oversees the armed forces and thus guaranteed him supreme power over the People's Republic. Deng's retirement, announced at the end of a secretive four-day party plenum that imposed a conservative agenda of economic retrenchment on the country, surprised Chinese and Westerners alike. Had Deng conceded political and economic momentum to the conservatives...
Since the Tiananmen crackdown in June, many China watchers had been convinced that Deng would retain his last post for a while longer to preserve his legacy of economic growth as well as to ensure the succession of his newly anointed heir, Jiang Zemin, a former Shanghai mayor who was named General Secretary in the chaos following the massacre. So far, however, Jiang has had little opportunity to prove his mettle. In fact, even though the Central Committee named Jiang to succeed Deng, it also expanded the powers of hard- line President Yang Shangkun, 82, a Jiang rival. Unlike Jiang...
Other analysts argue that it is precisely because Jiang is weak that Deng has given up his powerful post. By promoting Jiang and then nurturing him from the sidelines, Deng may prevent rivals from ganging up on his protege as he learns to handle his new responsibilities...
Little more than a week before the latest title shuffle, Deng and other officials met with one of modern China's closest American friends, Richard Nixon. During the visit, the former President told his hosts that "many in the U.S. believe the crackdown was excessive and unjustified . . . and damaged the respect and confidence which most Americans previously had for the leaders of China." Nonetheless, Nixon feels strongly that the U.S. must rebuild its relations with China. Last week TIME obtained a copy of a report Nixon sent to a bipartisan group of congressional leaders. Some excerpts...