Word: deng
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...declaration was released during a period of sensitive anniversaries. It comes 60 years after the signing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which Chinese scholar P.C. Chang helped draft, and 30 years after Deng Xiaoping launched the economic liberalization that would transform China into a capitalist powerhouse. It was also 30 years ago that activists in Beijing posted signs on a Democracy Wall calling for political reform, including electrician Wei Jingsheng's declaration that Deng Xiaoping's campaign for Four Modernizations in agriculture, defense, industry and technology was meaningless without a fifth modernization, democracy. "It's quite a moving...
...exactly 30 years since the conclusion of the Third Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the meeting that consolidated Deng Xiaoping's position as China's leader and laid the groundwork for a generation of economic reform. In 1978, Deng was the great survivor. He had been a party member for nearly 60 years, and had been purged more often than a top model's digestive tract, only to claw his way back to the leadership. China was desperate. The horrors of the Cultural Revolution were a fresh memory. As Premier Wen Jiabao said...
...Deng was no student of the dismal science. He once said, "I am a layman in the field of economics. I proposed China's economic policy of opening to the outside world, but as for the details or specifics of how to implement it, I know very little indeed." But he knew enough to let others lead. The reforms that Deng blessed started in the countryside, where farmers were allowed to sell surplus produce and, in time, were allowed to farm their own land on long leases rather than as part of a commune. "Township and village enterprises" - small firms...
...more to the point - Deng's reforms improved the life chances of more people, faster, than has ever been done before in the history of humankind. To be sure, you can still find poverty in China. Traveling deep in rural Guizhou province this fall, I saw damp villages where the homes were mean huts and families eked a living from rocky hillsides. But everyone had shoes, and nobody looked malnourished...
...China's current economic woes come at a momentous point in history. Dec. 18 marks the 30th anniversary of when Deng Xiaoping launched the nation into the most extraordinary burst of economic development the world has ever seen. For almost this entire period, outsiders have been predicting that it wouldn't last. And each time, China has forged ahead. The financial crisis has led the whole world into uncharted territory. But the one constant in this changing world may be China's ability to surprise once more...