Word: detector
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...police questioned Lilly with the aid of a lie detector. She calmly denied everything and passed the test. Since there was insufficient evidence to hold her, she was allowed...
Molten Pools. Venera was also equipped with a gamma-ray detector that should provide the first on-site evidence as to the composition and structure of the Venusian "soil." That evidence is not likely to be very inviting. As late as the 1950s, many astronomers still thought that conditions on cloud-shrouded Venus might favor life, but by now they know otherwise. Rotating once every 243 days in a direction opposite to that of the other planets, Venus has a surface that University of Arizona Astronomer Gerard Kuiper says might resemble a fresh volcanic field, with boiling sulfur springs...
Sprague recalls: "She said she would trade her life for a guilty plea. But in her own mind she had determined she would trade us as little as possible. Her initial confession didn't lead anywhere." Sprague booked her into a hotel and began a series of lie-detector sessions that lasted eight days. "The thing that was difficult," says Sprague, "was that she wasn't lying. She was just withholding information. That is an extremely hard thing to get from the polygraph...
...detector is a creation of Dektor Counterintelligence and Security, Inc. of Springfield, Va. It uses an ordinary tape recording of a voice on radio or TV or in any of the numerous settings where lies may be told: in a police station, perhaps, at a press conference, on the speaker's platform at a political meeting, or in the bedroom of a married-or unmarried couple. The tape is fed into a machine that measures muscular micro-tremors in the voice, faint quivers that come from the muscles in the voice box and cause slight changes in pitch. Changes...
P.S.E.'s reliability still has not been proved. No independent agency has double checked the company's TV experiment. Moreover, some lie detector experts caution that the weakness of the stress evaluator may lie in its dependence on a single measure of bodily function (the polygraph, or conventional lie detector, records several: pulse rate, blood pressure, respiration and sweat-gland activity). Besides, experts agree that although both the old and new devices can spot stress, neither can prove absolutely that the stress results from lying. The most serious objection to the P.S.E. is ethical. As the company itself...