Word: deterent
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...Bosnia flares like a midsummer forest fire, defying the West's wavering attempts to contain it. On Friday, July 21, the NATO allies announced a bold new plan to deter Serb aggression. In the days that followed this call to arms, Ratko Mladic, the commander of the rebel Bosnian Serbs, seized and "ethnically cleansed" one "safe area," Zepa, and intensified a brutal assault on another, Bihac. Meanwhile, an eventuality that the U.N. and NATO had dearly hoped to prevent--a widening of the Balkan war--seemed by Friday to have occurred, as Croatia joined the fighting. Not a very good...
Taking his turn on the podium, U.S. Secretary of State Warren Christopher agreed that the policy was to deter the Serbs. But he insisted that an attack on Gorazde would be met with decisive air strikes on Serb forces and supply lines. "Any air campaign will include significant attacks on significant targets," he said. nato already has plans for such air raids, ranging from close support of troops on the ground to a "regional" bombing campaign, although the relevant U.N. resolution authorizes strikes only in and around a safe area. It was still unclear just who would make the decision...
...need 34,000 soldiers to provide the enclaves with real security. The council balked and mandated only 7,600. In fact, not even that many were ever assigned to the safe areas. So the resolution approved a month later did not mention their "defense" but called on unprofor "to deter attacks" on them. "They were indefensible from the start," says a U.N. official in Zagreb...
...safe-areas policy has been a gamble from the beginning," agrees a U.N. official in New York City. "The international community thought a lightly armed presence would be enough to deter attacks." The deterrence lasted only as long as the Serbs allowed themselves to be deterred. Why they changed their minds and decided to move against the eastern enclaves is another matter the Western governments are trying to figure out. Many military officers, including some on the U.N. staff and at nato, believe the Serbs are acting to pre-empt the new 10,000-troop Rapid Reaction Force the French...
...stoplights or graffiti artists who vandalize the subways, has worked to ease more serious offenses. Explains criminologist Lawrence Sherman of the University of Maryland: "Ironically, the best way to reduce murder may be to make lots of arrests for spitting on the sidewalk, simply as a way to deter criminals from carrying concealed weapons." Indeed, gun homicides in New York have declined 41% from the 1994 rate...