Word: diagramed
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...shoot, bossed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, worked almost exactly as planned. The launching vehicle was a Chrysler-built Army Jupiter beefed up with extra fuel for extra range. Mounted on its massive shoulders were 15 small, solid-fuel rockets arranged to fire in three stages (see diagram). Perched on the nose of the final rocket was the gilded cone itself, Pioneer...
...r.p.m. The spin made it act like a gyroscope, keeping its axis always pointing in the same direction in space. At its perigee, the axis is parallel to the earth's surface. But a quarter of a revolution later the axis points vertically at the earth (see diagram). At apogee, the axis is parallel again...
...American Physical Society that the earth is very slightly pear shaped. If its continents are evened out and its spin-flattening allowed for, it has a faint bulge around the North Pole, a faint depression around the South Pole, and a depressed ring in the north mid-latitudes (see diagram...
...into orbit (see NATIONAL AFFAIRS) is technically called a 1½-stage rocket-a single engine plus ground-fired boosters. When its two booster engines stop firing, the main body, propelled by the central sustainer engine, flies out of the short cylindrical after-section that carries the boosters (see diagram). With the boosters gone, the sustainer engine has less dead weight to carry into space. In this particular model, the sustainer was designed to burn 13 seconds longer than in the regular models. Without this extra thrust, needed to put the Atlas into orbit, it would have plunged into...
...simplest maneuver for a sailing spaceship, says Dr. Cotter, will be escape from the earth. The satellite will be placed in an orbit in the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun (see diagram). After spreading its sail, the satellite will be designed to have a slow turning motion, rotating once during every two trips around the earth. When it is moving away from the sun, its sail will be at right angles to the sun's light, and it will get the maximum push in a forward direction. By the time it gets...