Word: diets
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Later, Keys studied the eating habits and coronary death rates of middle-aged Japanese-in Japan, Hawaii and California. The native Japanese, he reports, get only 13% of their calories from fats. They eat a high-carbohydrate diet of rice, fish and vegetables, have an average cholesterol count of 120. The Hawaiian Japanese, on the other hand, also eat fish, along with meat, eggs and dairy products; they get 32% of their calories from fats, have an average cholesterol count of 183. The Los Angeles Nisei's diet is typically American; they get 45% of their calories from fatty...
...disliked school, at ten spent three days camping with two young friends on the slopes of nearby Grizzly Peak. "We didn't see a solitary soul." says Keys. "Just hiked and ate. Three breakfasts a day-Aunt Jemima pancakes, dried prunes and bacon. Not too bad a diet. You can eat anything for a few days...
...playing bridge, and kept a big bag of dried apricots beside his dormitory bed. That spring, embittered by his failure to capture the chemistry department's sole scholarship, Keys signed on as an oiler aboard the President Wilson, bound for China, and quickly dispensed with nutritional niceties. "The diet was mainly alcohol," he says. "I don't remember eating anything." Back again at Cal, Keys switched to economics, graduated in two years, went to work for Woolworth, quit in boredom after eight months and returned to the university...
Drugs? There is no effortless way to control cholesterol, warns Dr. Keys. Some drugstores peddle bottles of artificially flavored safflower seed oil emulsion (polyunsaturated fat), suggest drinking it by the spoonful to offset the effects of saturated fat in the diet. Says Keys: "Nonsense. All this does is to increase the total fat intake and breed obesity." Although polyunsaturated fats are a healthful substitute for saturated fats, they make an ineffective antidote. It takes more than 2 oz. of polyunsaturated fat, says Keys, to reduce blood cholesterol by the same amount that 1 oz. of saturated fat increases...
...only sure way to control blood cholesterol effectively, says Keys, is to reduce fat calories in the average U.S. diet by more than one-third (from 40% to 15% of total calories), and take an even sterner cut (from 17% to 4% of total calories) in saturated fats. He also warns against confusing the blood cholesterol level with cholesterol actually deposited in the arteries. No known diet will remove deposited cholesterol, and the object of all diets is only to keep deposits from growing to the point that they cut off the heart's blood supply...