Word: diets
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...show that it can be done, Henderson in Seattle completed a three-year pilot study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, of 2,000 postmenopausal women who were painstakingly taught how to follow a 20% fat diet. "We give them a Ph.D. in fat," she explains. Her hope was that the pilot would lead to NIH funding of a 10-year effort with 24,000 women. No such luck. A competing proposal for a similar study that would cost $107 million was on the verge of being financed when an NCI advisory panel decided last month...
...been only in the past five years that researchers have found a link between estrogen levels and fat in the diet. Women who eat lots of hamburgers, thick shakes and other fatty foods have higher overall levels of estrogen and especially large amounts of the "biologically active" form. Equally significant, endocrinologist David Rose of the Naylor Dana Institute in Valhalla, N.Y., has found that when women switch to a very low-fat diet (20% of total calories), their estrogen levels quickly drop by 20%. Advocates of the dietary-fat theory regard this observation as a crucial bit of supporting evidence...
Until the government decides to fund a long-term dietary study and until the work is completed, the value of an ultralow-fat diet in preventing breast cancer will remain open to question. For women 40 or older, however, there is one bit of medical counsel that has almost unanimous approval: Get a mammogram. Now. And do it regularly...
...sought to redress the shortfall by introducing a bill that would add $25 million to the NIH budget expressly for basic research on breast cancer. Meanwhile the National Women's Health Network, a lobbying group in Washington, continues to press for federal funding of studies on the effects of diet...
...given the demands on the limited federal research budget, such efforts will probably fail. Perhaps as unfortunate, notes Dr. Geoffrey Howe, a leading researcher on cancer and diet at the University of Toronto, is the fact that "political pressure is the criterion for deciding what scientific research needs to be done...