Word: diets
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...thermogenesis than others. Researchers led by Dr. Bradford Lowell at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston last month pinpointed three genes that may account for at least some of that variation. Mice that lack the genes, they reported in Science, grow grossly obese when fed a high-calorie diet enriched with fat and sucrose. By contrast, normal mice fed the same diet gain very modest amounts of weight...
Likewise, the components of our diet have undergone a radical change. The flesh of the wild game that made up our ancestors' diet had just 3% to 4% fat, whereas prime beef has 30% or more. And prior to the domestication of crops such as wheat and corn, humans consumed a variety of wild grains filled with fiber, which slows digestion. The process of highly refining foods, which allows carbohydrates to be quickly absorbed by the digestive system, wasn't widespread. As Rutgers University anthropologist Lionel Tiger puts it, human metabolism "did not evolve for prime beef, but, one would...
...reason to think that our penchant for making unhealthy choices might be enhanced by the abundance of particular foods. Consider the results of an experiment recently conducted at Philadelphia's Monell Chemical Senses Center. Rats given one cup each of fat, protein and carbohydrate were found to make balanced diet choices, eating a tad more protein than carbohydrates and a tad more carbohydrates than fats. But rats presented with more cups of fat and carbohydrates than protein dramatically increased their consumption of the former while sharply curtailing their intake of the latter--to the point, in some cases, that...
...were to start from scratch, how would we design a diet to keep our weight under control? For starters, we could concentrate on diets geared for life rather than quick and easy weight loss. "The people I see are great dieters, beautiful dieters," says Dr. Cheryle Hart, founder and medical director of the Wellness Workshop in Spokane, Wash. "They can deny themselves, but only for so long. Then they snap. We all would." Second, we could stop paying such close attention to every jot and tittle in the diet debate. It will take decades for researchers to unravel...
...what would an optimal postmodern diet look like? Chances are it wouldn't look like the food pyramid, the official government guidelines released by the usda in 1992. Indeed, the food pyramid is due for an overhaul in 2003--although no one is yet willing to give any details. If Harvard's Willett has his way, the pyramid will make a greater distinction between the types of fats and carbs we should and shouldn't eat. Willett, unlike the usda, does not lump most carbohydrates at the pyramid's base or all fats at the pyramid's eat-sparingly pinnacle...