Word: directed
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Private companies have enthusiastically followed the federal lead in testing. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that 43% of the nation's largest firms, including IBM, AT&T and 3M, have implemented drug-screening programs for job applicants, employees or both. Last week's high-court rulings have no direct legal bearing on most private companies, but the decisions are expected to encourage industry to increase testing...
...otherwise respectable institutions of higher learning put up with all this? Because big-time sports, whose popularity is fueled by ever increasing TV coverage, are major moneymakers. For one thing, a winning team attracts alumni donations. Far more lucrative, however, are the direct revenues generated by sporting events. Last year's NCAA basketball tournament was worth $68.2 million in gross receipts; the four schools advancing to the final round got $1.2 million each. Virtually all those funds go to athletic departments rather than academic budgets. Top coaches share in the wealth, often making several times as much as university presidents...
...resistance to any accommodation with the rebellious Palestinians living in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza. Nor could the event paper over his fear of the increasingly assertive attempts to force him to adopt a more flexible stance. That activism strengthens Washington's effort to prod Israel into direct talks with the Palestine Liberation Organization...
...American Jewish Congress, the think tank concluded that none of the long-term peace options that either Shamir or the Palestinian leadership considers acceptable have any chance to succeed. The scholars argued that moving beyond the status quo requires a long process of mutual accommodation starting with direct talks with the P.L.O. and possibly ending with creation of a circumscribed Palestinian state...
...Bank. The U.S. is also urging Jerusalem to start talking to Palestinian leaders who live in the occupied territories but do not belong to the P.L.O. Much to Shamir's displeasure, Secretary of State James Baker declared last week that it would be a "major mistake" to rule out direct Israeli-P.L.O. negotiations in the likely event that no Palestinian leader would sit down with the Israelis without the approval of the P.L.O...