Word: directors
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...researchers, the better the relationship between parent and grandparent, the greater the contact and closeness between grandparent and grandchild. "It's up to the parents to make the grandparents feel welcome and to send the message to their children that they're really integral," says Sally Newman, executive director of Generations Together at the University of Pittsburgh. "The parents should encourage frequent visits and not make the grandparents feel intrusive." And spending time together is essential, says Yaffa Schlesinger, who teaches sociology of the family at New York City's Hunter College. "If relationships are to be meaningful, they have...
...extended family of another era. While a never-ending supply of books offers guidance to the modern stepparent, stepgrandparents in the U.S. face uncharted, often bewildering terrain. Conflicts, resentment and jealousy can inflict lasting wounds on the adults as well as the children. Sue Waters, a Denver psychotherapist and director of Parenting After Divorce, emphasizes that "though the family logistics can be a nightmare, everyone has to think about what's best for the kids." With no biological connection, stepgrandparents don't see themselves reflected in the child and so must create the connection. "Go slow," advises Robert Klopfer...
Finally, these recycled parents are often forced to negotiate an unfamiliar bureaucracy, seeking welfare assistance or legal custody, enrolling kids in school or getting medical care. "The underlying problem is that they don't understand what their rights are and nobody can tell them," says Gerard Wallace, director of the Grandparent Caregiver Law Center at the Brookdale Center on Aging in New York. There is little in law books to help; attorneys and social workers are often unsure how existing laws apply...
There were five couples--all in their 20s and 30s--in the workshop run earlier this year by Peter Fraenkel, director of the PREP Couples Program at New York University's Child Study Center. Fraenkel noticed something curious: when four of the men showed an eagerness to share their feelings more extensively with their partner, the response was, in effect, "What is this guy's problem? He's so needy...
...also puts viewers in touch with director David Fincher's preferred mise-en-scene, which is almost always dark and, more important, damp--with rusty water, gushing blood and other bodily fluids of less determinable origins. It's definitely a style--see his Seven of a few years ago--and it enforces the contrast between the sterilities of his characters' aboveground life and their underground one. Water, even when it's polluted, is the source of life; blood, even when it's carelessly spilled, is the symbol of life being fully lived. To put his point simply: it's better...