Word: disks
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...conventional clutch is a cushioned disk (connected to the transmission gears), which takes power from the engine when it is forced against a disk on the face of the engine's spinning flywheel. In fluid drive the flywheel is equipped not with a disk, but with a sort of water wheel. Facing the blades of this water wheel is a similar set of blades on the transmission shaft. The two sets of blades are enclosed in a sealed compartment filled with light oil. As the flywheel gathers speed, the blades attached to it set the oil in motion...
Since the sun is a variable star, it is important that solar astrophysicists know how much the sun's energy radiation varies from day to day. The daily radiation output is usually measured with instruments called silver-disk pyrheliometers in which the sun's radiation is transformed into heat measurable in calories. A solar recording station should be high, dry, nearly dustless, nearly hazeless. The Smithsonian Institution has two solar outposts at Table Mountain in California and Mt. Montezuma in Chile. Last week the Smithsonian announced that it would start a new solar observatory atop Burro Mountain...
...stars shaped like a lens or a discus, or like two very shallow saucers glued together rim to rim. So far as the dense masses of the Milky Way are concerned, this is scientifically correct. But in recent years astronomical research has disclosed, far above and below the disk, a sparse population of stars which cosmically and gravitationally belong to the Milky Way galaxy. Harlow Shapley of Harvard Observatory, famed cosmic map maker, has interested himself in these galactic outriders...
...week, Dr. Shapley reported on 2,000 Cepheid variables (giant stars which fluctuate regularly in brightness) at considerable distances from the Milky Way's central plane. These have the effect of stretching the galaxy's "vertical" diameter to about 80,000 light-years.** The diameter across the disk is put at 100,000 lightyears. Thus, the flattish lens of the Milky Way is enclosed in a globe of stars, and the galaxy's total shape resembles a pumpkin...
...telescope fish's gall bladder is a greenish globule one-twelfth of an inch in diameter (visible as a disk about the size of the fish's eye but not so dark-see cut}. Dr. Viehoever found that soon after he injected the most trifling amount of the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin into the fish's tail, the gall bladder contracted, and squeezed its green bile into the intestines. This is what human gall bladders normally do during digestion, what they cannot do when obstructed by gallstones or mucus plugs...