Word: dna
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...presidency is the apex of Turkey's secular state system, and draws its symbolic strength from the country's founding President, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who inscribed a pro-Western orientation into the political DNA of the state he built on the ruins of the Ottoman Empire. Secularism - the strict division between religion and public life - is a lasting Ataturk legacy, as is a ban on wearing headscarves in public buildings...
...begin mammograms earlier in life. Second, it would allow physicians to personalize medical treatments. In a few cases, this is already possible. The breast cancer drug Tamoxifen is much more effective in individuals who produce a certain protein that digests drugs in a certain way. Treatments based on the DNA you carry, known as “personalized medicine,” offer a range of benefits over current treatments: more precise doses of potentially toxic drugs, better research into new drugs, and lower health care costs, according to a Mayo Clinic brief. And research into personalized treatments would accelerate...
...problem is money: decoding a genome is still too expensive. Today, the cost of is about $1,000 for a one-thousandth of the so-called “coding regions” of DNA, that is, DNA that actually codes for proteins. This already represents a huge drop in cost from the HGP, which finished in 2003 and cost $3 billion. The $1,000-threshold is important, says professor of genetics George M. Church, because at that point it becomes economical for many individuals to have their genomes sequenced. Church’s lab develops less expensive sequencing technologies...
...insurance, and they might adjust their prices based on heretofore hidden genetic minefields. Some employers might ask the same—who wants to hire a long-term employee with a genetic predisposition to an early-onset disease? And careful snoopers will likely be able to decode the DNA of anyone they can bring within spitting distance. “Just by sitting there, you shed dandruff and all kinds of stuff everywhere,” Church said. Guarding one’s DNA sequence against a persistent privacy invader would be nearly impossible...
...With White House support in hand, GINA appears to set to become law. But there are several other challenges for society when individuals know their own DNA. Will lenders demand individuals’ genetic information and use it to discriminate against them? Will health care premiums rise when healthy-genomed individuals decided to forego insurance, and vice versa? And will concerns about the security and privacy of their genetic information dissuade many from self-sequencing in the first place...