Word: dollfuss
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...conjures up pleasant visions of ski weeks at Innsbruck, Vienna Sachertorte, Salzburg's music. Few people now recall two important events in that country that led up to World War II and betrayed a darker side of the Austrian character. One was the assassination of Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss by local Nazis in 1934, part of a coup that failed. The other, which so dramatically succeeded, was the Anschluss of 1938, when the German army annexed Austria unopposed...
Vienna-born Historian Walter Maass is especially intriguing on the Dollfuss assassination, partly because he lived through it all as a young adult. Maass finds it hard to capture the personality of his diminutive (4 ft. 11 in.) "Milli-Metternich." But he shows effectively how Dollfuss forced his "Christian corporate state" too suddenly into a totalitarian mold, basing his power on a single official party while socialists plotted on the left and Austrian Nazis on the right. Maass also demonstrates the appalling lack of official reaction when the government learned of the plot to overthrow it in July 1934. Austria...