Word: dominions
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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Small of stature but agile and smart is William M. ("Billy") Hughes, kinetic oldster, Wartime Prime Minister of Australia. Fortnight ago he worked a shrewd wangle in the Dominion Parliament, caused the defeat by one vote of the Cabinet of his bitter personal rival for leadership of the Nationalist Party, youthful Prime Minister Stanley Melbourne Bruce (TIME, Sept. 23). This made necessary a General Election called for Oct. 12. Delighted with his disruptive handiwork, Billy Hughes celebrated one night last week by attending at Sydney, Australia, what he said was his first wrestling match...
...Govern- ment's role in an industrial dispute. Most Englishmen, like most U. S. citizens, shy away from the idea that the State should fix wages. But that idea has been the very cornerstone of Australia's labor policy. Moreover such Best Minds in the Dominion as the late and monumentally famed High Court Justice Higgins have consistently held that it is the duty of the State to apply compulsory arbitration. In trying to enforce these concepts a major issue has arisen: Shall the power of enforcement rest with the several Dominion states or with the central Dominion...
Amendment Blocked. Successive Governments have been trying since 1911 to get Australia's Constitution amended to give the Dominion Arbitration Court really sweeping and effective powers. On four different occasions the state legislatures have refused to pass the amendment. Finally last May courageous Prime Minister Bruce announced a totally new and startling policy...
...effect he declared that since the Dominion Government could not get effective power by Constitutional amendment it must largely withdraw from attempting to arbitrate labor disputes and leave that duty to the states. A measure called the Commonwealth Arbitration Abolition Bill was drafted. That was the bill under consideration by Parliament when the crisis came last week...
...personal foe the Prime Minister, astute William Hughes took the attitude that it would be the very negation of Nationalism to follow the Bruce plan of handing over the states the whole duty of labor arbitration, simply because the states have again and again refused to give the Dominion Court supreme authority. Instead, he thought that the Nationalist Party should keep resolutely plugging for the constitutional amendment which thus far has proved unobtainable...