Word: dose
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...tried to quantify the risk from pediatric CAT scans. CAT is a high-tech tool that uses multiple X-ray images to create 3-D views of a patient's internal organs. CAT scans clearly help doctors diagnose and treat disease, but as two recent studies suggest, the radiation dose they deliver also poses risks, especially for children and particularly since the use of CAT scans to diagnose appendicitis, for example, has become so widespread...
...DOSE CAT SCAN The most promising of the new tests may be the low-dose CAT scan. It is especially popular with smokers and former smokers who want to know how much of a toll their habit has taken on their lungs. Studies have shown that the low-dose scan is superior to the traditional chest X ray both in speed and detection rate. Less than one minute of your time on the table produces detailed images of the lungs in tiny slices, increasing chances of detecting abnormalities that could be early signs of cancer or emphysema. Cost...
...insulin. One such device is the Mosquito, a small disk equipped with a tiny needle that penetrates only seven micrometers into the skin--not deep enough to impinge on nerve endings and cause pain. Attached to a patient's side, the disk allows mobility while it delivers the prescribed dose of drug evenly over a 24-hour period...
Some of the new drug-delivery solutions are elegant but decidedly low tech. "For people who have a tough time swallowing pills," says Langer, "a company called Alkermes has developed a special straw that is loaded with a premeasured dose of dry medication. The patient then uses the straw to sip water, a soft drink or apple juice." And for a toddler who spits out, throws up or gags on fever-reducing medication, there are fast-acting suppositories to which parents can resort...
...drugs to dampen the inflammation process. The goal of such treatments is not so much to remove a fatty plaque from inside an artery but rather to convert it from a more dangerous form to a more stable one. This may be one of the reasons a daily dose of aspirin, which is both an anti-inflammatory and a blood thinner, can help prevent heart attacks. But doctors would like to have a drug that targets coronary inflammation more specifically and aggressively than aspirin...