Word: downtowners
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Boston drivers, a notoriously freewheeling breed, find their ultimate frustration on the city's Central Artery. Twice each weekday, for a total of seven hours, it becomes a virtual parking lot. The highway, a six-lane stretch of Interstate 93 that snakes through Boston's downtown section from the Massachusetts Turnpike to the Charles River, handles 180,000 automobiles a day -- nearly 2 1/2 times its stated capacity. The two-mile elevated section, built without any shoulders or slowdown and speedup lanes for exits and entrances, has an accident rate that is twice the average for urban highways...
Atlanta is transforming its downtown connector highway from a bottleneck to a breeze. The connector had become congested because of the growth of Atlanta's northern suburbs. Thousands of commuters migrate south each morning on two interstate highways, I-85 and I-75, which funnel into the connector three miles north of downtown. By the mid-1970s, the four-lane highway was jammed with more than 100,000 autos a day, twice its capacity. Atlanta responded in 1978 with a $1.4 billion plan for "freeing the freeways." Computer models showed traffic engineers where to expand the system and where...
...caught in traffic because commuting patterns have changed drastically in recent decades. The interstate highway system was originally designed to carry motorists primarily from city to city; its beltways were constructed mainly as bypasses for long-distance travelers. Local commuters, by contrast, generally moved in and out of urban downtown areas in a radial pattern, along the paths of mass transit and major thoroughfares. But the majority of work is no longer downtown: the suburbs contain 60% of current metropolitan jobs and 67% of all new ones, according to the Transportation Department. As a result, many workers commute from...
...soon as the poster appeared in the perestroika display window on Gorky Street in downtown Moscow, passersby paused to stare and snicker. The hulking, black silhouette shown atop an awards stand was unmistakably that of Leonid Brezhnev, bushy eyebrows and all. But in place of his numerous military ribbons, the deceased Soviet leader wore a row of stripes labeled CORRUPTION, EMBEZZLEMENT, GRAFT and MONEYGRUBBING. The lower tiers of the stand, two caricatured gangsters -- one American, the other Italian -- stared up at Brezhnev with apparent surprise. The caption beneath the cartoon said it all: SO, MAFIOSO, YOU FINALLY...
...comfortable Miami Metrorail system may seem just about perfect. But in many respects, Miami's four-year-old, 20-mile elevated rail system is a $1 billion study in poor planning. When the system was designed in the late 1970s, Dade . County officials decided to run the rails from downtown to the southern part of Miami, where they expected growth. But most new building occurred in the north and west. At the same time, cost overruns and federal budget cuts knocked out plans to extend the rails into those parts of town. Result: Metrorail cannot deliver residents of lower-income...