Word: downward
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Dates: during 1900-1909
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...forces acting on it besides that of gravity, a tendency to turn over sideways and a tendency to pitch either backward or forward. To counteract the former, and thus gain transverse stability, the Wrights warp the ends of their planes in such a way as to apply a downward force on the elevated side. To minimize the danger of pitching forward and thus gain fore and aft stability, the horizontal rudder, rigged either in front or behind the machine, is the most effective method which has up to the present time been found...