Word: draft
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...climax comes at the opinion-writing stage. Although the Justices confer alone and vote in complete secrecy, the clerks listen to their bosses' instructions, often see their private notes and write the preliminary drafts of the opinions. The custom of Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, recalls University of Michigan law professor Kent Syverud, is to give her clerks "a firm outline" of her opinion, then take the clerks' ensuing draft -- together with all the relevant research -- and "edit the hell...
...dead? Not in South Africa, where the party is unashamedly resurrecting itself -- to the evident horror of President F.W. de Klerk. Last week the government arrested at least seven party activists, charging them with plotting to stage an armed insurrection by the African National Congress if negotiations to draft a new nonracial constitution fail...
...however -- and that is a big if -- Gorbachev will still face a major problem: the rot that has infected the 4.5 million- strong Soviet armed forces. It has spread beyond nationalist resentment into the very nature and role of the army itself. Estonia and Lithuania have passed legislation allowing draft-age boys to opt out of military service, and Georgia and Russia may soon follow suit. In this year's spring call-up, the number of outright draft dodgers has grown to an estimated 20,000. In Armenia a mere 7% of draftable boys bothered to answer their induction notices...
...year Environmental Protection Agency study recommending that so-called extremely low-frequency fields be classified as "probable human carcinogens" alongside such notorious chemical toxins as PCBs, formaldehyde and dioxin. The recommendation, which could have set off a costly chain of regulatory actions, was deleted from the final draft after review by the White House Office of Policy Development. "The EPA thing is a stunner," says Paul Brodeur, a writer for the New Yorker. "It's a clear case of suppression and politicization of a major health issue by the White House...
...important problems, ranging from the national debt to homelessness, are too large and complex to comprehend. And always the great, intimidating shadow of 1960s-style activism hovers in the background. Twentysomething youths suspect that today's attempts at political and social action pale in comparison with the excitement of draft dodging or freedom riding...