Word: dura
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...rescuers plunged through a half mile of brush and swamp, entered a boggy, smoke-filled ravine. Ahead of them lay a clearing, littered with splintered and uprooted trees. The trees were burning, and there were flickering pools of flame on the gasoline-soaked ground. Nothing moved. Torn sections of dura-luminum, shards of glass, smoldering seat cushions, broken instruments lay scattered for a hundred yards, but there was nothing to suggest the great machine's shape or purpose. Rags of clothing, women's purses hung with shocking festiveness high in trees. For a hundred feet the ground...
...Operation. The operation is delicate. The surgeon cuts two openings in the skull, one on each side above the temples, removes each bone button (to be replaced later), cuts and folds back the brain covering, the dura mater, then carefully slices through a measured section of the frontal lobes' white tissue. As the knife cuts the nerve fibers, the patient's tension visibly relaxes. He grows confused, dull, slow in speech, childish...
Fibrin Film, also made of fibrinogen, is used to replace lost dura, the coating of the brain. It disappears in a few months, is completely replaced by a living membrane of approximately its own thickness...
...first brain cases, etc. were really interesting. The first one had a bullet enter the top of his head and go three inches into his brain. I trephined a huge opening in his skull, opened up the dura mater, washed out a lot of shattered brains and put in a vaseline gauze drain. That night we had to move and took him along with us to a bungalow on a hill. Every time bombers came over, this patient got up and ran half a mile. After five days, during which he had no fever and was walking around everywhere-drain...
...When a person drinks too much alcohol, or whenever tissues are damaged, some of the body's natural proteins turn into a substance called histamine. Some researchers believe that histamine dilates the tender arteries of the tough membrane (dura mater) that lines the skull, and a splitting hangover headache is the result. High fevers and various kinds of infections also distend these arteries and cause pain...