Word: dura
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Disgust. The new act is undoubtedly harsh, probably harsher than Castello Branco, a man dedicated to constitutional democracy, would have liked to see. Yet it is what the military linha dura, or hardline, officers demanded. These are the soldiers who led the March 1964 coup against Leftist Joao Goulart in disgust at the corruption, demagoguery, and opportunistic politics that have prevailed in Brazil for years. Under Castello Branco, the Communists have been wiped out but not all the grafters have-and this has been a constant irritation to the military...
...newsmen-and drawing huge crowds wherever he went. So military investigators started grilling him about corruption during the years between 1956 and 1961. The questions went on for two weeks, until the 63-year-old Kubitschek was sick abed with high blood pressure. At the same time, the linha dura officers were pressuring Castello Branco for new laws that would give the federal government greater control over state Governors and other elected officials. Castello Branco managed to soften their demands, and then sent the package to Congress, where the parties of Goulart and Kubitschek combined in violent opposition. When...
Tightening the Grip. As the impact of the elections sank in, the military mutterings grew so loud that President Castello Branco was forced into a move that would only make his government even more unpopular. In return for not interfering with the results, the stern linha dura (hard line) officers won the promise that Castello Branco would send new proposals to Congress tightening the revolution's hold on the country through military courts and police. Most important, the military wants to change next year's presidential elections from direct balloting by the people to indirect balloting by Congress...
...right-wing military leaders (known as the linha dura) who support Branco do not like the first solution, in which a candidate avowedly hostile to the "Revolution" they helped make might win power. They do not even like Castello Branco's plan to find a centrist candidate. They want either a charismatic right-wing leader strong enough to stand a chance in an open election, or indirect elections with a controlled outcome. The man on a white horse is not yet visible...
...Guanabara (Rio) Governor who has been attacking the government for just about everything (TIME, June 11), denounced the bill as "bad, narrow, hypocritical, juridically wrong, politically wrong, morally wrong-another error of the revolution." Equally unhappy is the tight little group of army officers who call themselves the linha dura (the hard line) and are opposed to any elections. One of their leaders, Colonel Osnelli Martinelli, 43, publicly denounced Castello Branco for betraying the revolution-and found himself slapped into a military prison for insubordination...