Word: dutra
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Dutra was born 64 years ago this week in the frontier town of Cuiabá in cattle-raising Mato Grosso. He describes his father as "a small businessman and later a public functionary-but always poor." Young Eurico joined the army at 16 and wangled an appointment to its Preparatory School of Tactics at Porto Alegre. After graduation, he moved on to Rio's Escóla Militar, only to be expelled seven months later for his part in a student rebellion against compulsory smallpox vaccination. A government amnesty let him return. Two years after graduation...
Dona Carmela, the widow of an army captain who had died in Germany while on a government mission, was a woman whose piety and good works later endeared her to Brazilians as "Dona Santinha"-the little saint. She also burned with ambition for her husband. At her urging, Dutra returned to his books and won an appointment to Brazil's General Staff School, where he hung up a scholastic record unequaled before or since...
...Order & Progress." As an army officer, Dutra was part of an institution which has occupied a peculiar position in Brazilian politics. The army has always identified itself with the motto on Brazil's flag: "Order and Progress." This has meant, by & large, an affinity for the democracy which has characterized the country's modern history. It was the army which took over the republican movement from the disgruntled ex-slaveholders and overthrew Dom Pedro II in 1889. The first two Presidents under the republic's U.S.-patterned constitution were army officers. After that, under a long line...
...defeated by Julio Prestes, a protégé of the incumbent President, bumbling, liberal Washington Luiz. Flanked by fellow gaúcho Oswaldo Aranha and the swashbuckling General Pedro Aurelio de Góes Monteiro, Vargas marched triumphantly on Rio. The army-including Lieut. Colonel Eurico Caspar Dutra-recognized the popular strength of Vargas' movement and backed...
Vargas, who began his presidency as a social reformer, soon moved toward dictatorship. Before he was through, he was ruling by decree, had established an ironbound press censorship, and jailed his critics. Three times Dutra saved Vargas from overthrow. He got his reward. By 1935, he was a General of Division; the next year, Minister...