Word: duvalierization
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Haitians, fleeing from the nightmarish conditions in their own country, have headed for the United States in droves. Some 44,000 refugees were officially known to have arrived between 1972 (the year alter Duvalier took office) and 1981. The true number is almost certainly much higher. It was only in...
The Reagan Administration recently instructed Court Guard and Navy ships to stop boatloads of U.S. bound Haitians at sea and return them to Haiti; those that make it to America get detained Reagan maintains former President Jimmy Carter's position that Haitians do not qualify for asylum because they flee...
Jean-Clause "Baby Doc" Duvalier, Haiti's 30-year-old President for Life rules the poorest country in the western hemisphere. Unemployment and illiteracy have both been estimated at 30 percent of the population. In the capital city, Port as Prince, the average annual income is $275 a year, in...
The tontons-macoutes, Duvalier's security forces, control Haiti by means of arbitrary arrest, tontons, imprisonment without trial, and execution Victims of the tontons-macoutes include political leaders, unionists, journalists and civilians. According to Gerard Saint-Juste, director of New York's Haitian Refugee Center, some 30,000 people have...
In 1971, after a 14-year reign of server by Duvalier's father (Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier), the dictatorship passed without elections to a 19-year-old "Baby Doc." U.S. military ships in Fort-as-Prince Bay helped ensure a smooth transition. Today, U.S. ships still patrol Haitian waters, and...