Word: duvalierization
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The U.S. had about run out of patience with François Duvalier, the hard-eyed dictator who holds ruthless power in Haiti. All aid-amounting to $7,250,000 this year-to Duvalier's graft-ridden regime has been suspended for three months. No more arms are being...
Haitians call Duvalier's private bully boys the Tonton Macoutes, which means "bogeymen" in Creole. They are paid as much as $30 a month (high pay by Haitian standards), plus whatever they can extort from merchants and businessmen. When Duvalier wants to hold a rally, the Macoutes use their...
Until the demands are met, the Duvalier regime has fashioned its own means of gathering pelf, at an estimated rate of $6,000,000 a year. Last year his private army of thugs called the Tonton Macoute (Creole for "bogeyman") circulated among Haiti's foreign and domestic businessmen soliciting...
The Tonton Macoute, estimated to number 5,000, take care of individual oppositionists. Uncounted hundreds have been hauled off to Fort Dimanche, outside Port-au-Prince; some have been blinded by the beatings, some deafened, some killed. Newspaper Editor Madame Yvonne Hakim-Rimpel was kidnaped from her home by Tonton...
The U.S. continues to support Haiti with a minimum of aid and a U.S. Marine training mission. But the U.S. has implied that Duvalier will get no large-scale Alliance for Progress loans until he institutes some basic reforms and muzzles his thugs. To cut off all help, Washington argues...