Word: earthing
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Some 93 million miles away, the sun was, at the very least, agitated. In early March, an area of sunspots large enough to contain 70 earth-size planets had come into view around the eastern rim* of the glowing orb. Created by intense magnetic fields and cooler than the surrounding gases, the sunspots were visible as dark blemishes on the fiery surface. Just as astronomers were turning their attention to the mottled region, a bright spot suddenly appeared in its midst. It spread like a prairie wildfire, glowing white hot on the sun's yellow face and quickly expanding...
...great flare, and its coterie of sunspots, was an unmistakable signal. It heralded the imminent arrival of the solar maximum: the period every eleven years or so when the sun reaches its peak levels of activity and pointedly reminds earth dwellers of its awesome power. At maximum...
bombards the planet with radiation and particles, causing unusually brilliant auroras, communications blackouts and power failures. But it also gives scientists a fresh opportunity to solve some of the mysteries surrounding the star that provides the earth with energy, drives the weather and sustains life itself...
...sometimes hanging suspended for months. The solar corona, the halo around the sun visible during total eclipses, becomes fuller and brighter; great blobs of the corona, containing billions of tons of hot gas, occasionally burst free, shooting into space at speeds as high as 2 million m.p.h. And the earth's upper atmosphere, pummeled by solar particles, is laced by electrical currents of as much as a million amperes. These in turn create powerful magnetic fields that raise havoc below...
...anticipation of the fireworks, astronomers scheduled a two-week, worldwide solar-observation period during the second half of June. The project was timed to benefit from the observations of the Solar Maximum Mission satellite (nicknamed Solar Max) before it plunges to its death. Lofted into earth orbit in 1980 to monitor the sun's activity, the satellite is gradually descending and will probably re-enter the earth's atmosphere in November and be incinerated. Solar Max's readings of the sun's activity were coordinated with observations made all over the world by ground-based telescopes and instruments mounted...