Word: east
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...reward for "liberating" it. But it is also observed around the world. A tide of leftwing revolt in Latin America, China and Southeast Asia left much of the same sour legacy of totalitarianism. In India, the Gandhi family has towered over its democracy for 60 years. In the Middle East, after helping broker a historic peace deal with Israel in 1993, Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement quickly lapsed into authoritarianism and corruption. As a young man, Henning Melber, executive director at the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation in Uppsala, Sweden, fought in Namibia against white rule. Watching his fellow liberators...
...using the instruments of state power - government, law, the police - which it had spent years fighting. One way in which this identity crisis is expressed is in the modern ANC look - the mix of bling and camo worn by the Prada proletariat on display in East London. At a more serious level, while business, civil society and the press provide far more of a check on South Africa's government than they do in, say, Zimbabwe, the party's critics see the same bad underlying dynamics at work. Andrew Feinstein, a former ANC MP who resigned in 2001 in protest...
Problems at Home If there is one region in South Africa on which the ANC might have focused its efforts to build democracy and progress, it is the Eastern Cape around East London. Drive out of the city and after an hour you descend into a steep, forested canyon along whose floor snakes the River Kei, the old boundary between white-run South Africa and the rolling prairies which apartheid authorities designated the black "homeland" of Transkei, meaning "across the Kei." During apartheid, the Transkei was a place of destitution: thousands of mud-walled, grass-roofed huts where people lived...
...chickens and maize. A new power grid has reached most homes - but supply is erratic. Most roads remain unpaved. In Mthatha, 74% of the population earns less than $150 a month and 43% are unemployed, according to a June 2008 report by the South African Medical Journal. In 2007, East London's Daily Dispatch newspaper revealed that poor maternity care at the city's Frere Hospital was resulting in around 200 stillborn babies every year - and that the corpses were being buried in mass paupers' graves. A tour of Mthatha General Hospital suggests conditions as grim: paint peels from rotten...
...Stepped-up patrols around the Gulf of Aden were designed to intimidate the pirates. But the recent attacks, including hijackings and attempted hijackings hundreds of miles farther down the East African coastline, show that the Somalis are just changing tactics and moving away from the heavily patrolled gulf. "It's not that the navies have been unsuccessful," says Tony Mason, secretary-general of the London-based International Chamber of Shipping. "You can almost argue that they've been too successful, so the pirates have decided it's easier to go after targets in the Indian Ocean because the navies...