Word: eca
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...advancing. Turkish agricultural land is expanding; this year there is an alltime high of 10.5 million hectares under cultivation. The Turk is a hard worker and he's used to sacrifice. Last month, the central Anatolian plain was seething with harvest activity. Though 1,283 ECA combines have been imported since 1948, most of the threshing is done by ancient methods. Oxen pull sleds, equipped with sharp flint points, around & around in the harvested wheat stocks, cutting them apart. Then the peasant and his family toss the grain into the air, allowing the wind, as it has for centuries...
...record grain crop (50% over the 1934-38 average) is in. During 1949 and 1950, to the acute embarrassment of ECA Boss for Turkey Russell Dorr, who has always contended that Turkey should be a wheat-exporting nation, the country had to import the grain. This year, Dorr happily predicts, it will export 200,000 tons. In the south, cotton pickers are gathering another record crop (300% over...
...this means money to the Turks. The cotton crop will be worth $165 million this year (last pre-ECA crop: $25 million); wheat, $535 million. The ECA people would have you believe it's the Marshall Plan that has done it. The Turkish Democratic Party says it's their doing. Both acknowledge a valuable assist from Allah, who brought rains at just the right time during the growing season. Most of the $294 million of Marshall Plan aid has been passed on to the farmer: 6,468 tractors, 3,242 disk plows, 6,176 tractor-drawn plows...
...perhaps ECA's biggest impact on Turkey has been its road-building program. Turkey is a big country, cut apart by rugged mountain ranges and vast areas of distant plateau. Counting everything which wasn't simply a wagon track, ECA found barely 13,000 miles of roads, only 5,000 miles of them good enough for a truck. In the event of a Soviet attack on Turkey, the eastern Mediterranean port of Iskenderun (Alexandretta) would be vital; 360 miles northeast of it is Erzurum, headquarters of the Third Army which controls the Soviet-Turkish frontier. Yet there...
...article appearing in the Sept. 3 issue of TIME under the heading: "Corner in Rye?" In this article there is the following statement: ". . . Cullum named some of the combine's members: The Washington lobbyist for one of Chicago's grain speculators, a U.S. Senator, an ECA official and his wife, two staffers of the Senate Agriculture Committee...