Word: effectively
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...primary advance of Release 3, which sells for $495, is its ability to link as many as 256 spreadsheets in one computer file, creating an almost three-dimensional effect in the way they can be combined to make different calculations. Lotus plans to offer a simpler version, called Release 2.2, within a few months...
Last February Congress tried to give itself a hefty raise by playing the political equivalent of three-card monte: let the 51% increase recommended by a special commission go into effect, then appease constituents by voting against it, and keep the cash. But scandal-weary voters saw through the game, and the pay hike for Congressmen, federal judges and skilled federal employees died a humiliating death. Ever since, the search has been on for a more palatable proposal. Last week there were indications from House Speaker Thomas Foley and aides to President Bush that new ideas for boosting top Government...
Since the sun in myriad ways governs the very existence of all terrestrial life, the cyclic changes in the sunspot population have, ever since Schwabe, inspired speculation about their effect on solar radiation and, consequently, on the earth. Though the sun is a rather ordinary star, its vital statistics are breathtaking by earthly standards. Some 865,000 miles in diameter, it consists largely of hydrogen (72%) and helium (27%) and is 333,000 times as massive as the earth. Solar temperatures range from about 27 million degrees F* in the core, where 600 million tons of hydrogen are fused into...
...small a cyclic change able to have a noticeable effect on weather? Two scientists suspect it may. Karin Labitzke of Berlin's Free University and NCAR's Van Loon have discovered a relationship between the solar cycle and the stratospheric winds over the tropics. During a 28-month period, these winds reverse direction, blowing half the time from the east, the other half from the west, a phenomenon meteorologists call the QBO, or quasi-biennial oscillation. Depending on the direction of the QBO flow, Labitzke and Van Loon found, solar maximums and minimums seem linked to changes in air pressure...
...what we've found." That explanation may be hard to come by. Experts have calculated that the tiny change in the solar constant detected by Solar Max can supply less than a millionth of the energy needed to produce the observed changes in weather. "If there really is an effect," says Van Loon, "there must be an enhancing mechanism, and we don't have the foggiest idea of what that enhancing mechanism might be." Yet the statistical evidence is so compelling that many scientists are taking it seriously. The QBO data have persuaded meteorologist Anthony Barnston, of the National Climate...