Word: effendis
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...decrees covered everything from beggars on the streets to vigorous land reform. He abolished all titles such as pasha and effendi. He told Syria's editors that 70 newspapers were too many, and when they would not merge, he wiped out 19 of them. He rewarded motherhood: medals for mothers of three, free railroad passes for mothers of nine, and the rating of Grade Excellent for anyone with 16 children. He moved in on Syria's oppressive landlords, many of whose land titles are dubious...
Brinton is sure Mossadegh will hate to do this. "He is an intellectual, "and if he gives up now, he will feel he has not acted according to conscience." Worse, the Middle-Eastern effendi or upper class, of which he is a member, has built up a tremendous reservoir of inferiority feelings towards the West...
...final possibility is for extremist effendi reactionaries to oust Mossadegh by some coup. "If the effendi can do this." Brinton says, "They will almost certainly re-establish good relations with the West, realizing this is probably the only way they will be able to gain a sure lease on life for themselves...
...rich refugees left a trail of alarm and despondency. In the hotels they cursed the British and the Jews ("At least Hitler would have killed them all"). Said one British official in Jerusalem last week: "The whole effendi class has gone. It is remarkable how many of the younger ones are suddenly deciding that this might be a good time to resume their studies at Oxford . . ." Meanwhile, Arab papers trumpeted minor troop shufflings as major victories. When a detachment of Trans-Jordan's Arab Legion took positions around Jericho (under British commanders), one Beirut paper headlined: ABDULLAH...
Economically, the oil-producing Arab states cannot halt their concessions without severing their supply of dollars. While Arab oil is important but not vital to the United States, American foreign exchange nourishes the power of the Effendi. The recent Arab League decision to postpone discussion of western oil concessions suggests that this Arab weakness is understood at home. A recent Arab threat, close ties with Russia, has evaporated, and never really existed outside the minds of Alice in Wonderland disciples...