Word: eggs
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...procedure can be used when a woman's fallopian tubes are blocked. Doctors remove an egg from the prospective mother, fertilize it with her husband's sperm outside the body, and then emplant the embryo in the woman's womb. Biggers said no more than four babies have been conceived and born using the method...
...weighty and shapeless that it looked as if it had been hoisted out of 40 feet of water." She registers the sounds of dawn: "There were cries of birds, sharp and rudimentary, that stung like sparks or hail." And the look of dusk: "The sky glowed like a candled egg...
...vegetable cloning consists of cultivating cuttings from a plant. By the mid-1950s scientists had succeeded in cloning amphibians, producing frogs that were genetically identical to each other and carried the inherited characteristics of only a single parent. Most animal cloning has been done by transplanting nuclei into egg cells to produce an entire organism from a single cell. But the cloning of higher forms of life, like mammals, is hard to achieve. Mammal eggs are microscopic, ten to 20 times smaller in diameter than frogs' eggs, and vastly more difficult to manipulate. Consequently, the barriers to cloning laboratory...
First they scooped a mass of embryonic cells from the womb of a pregnant gray mouse. Using microscopes and a micropipette much finer than a human hair, they sucked out the cells' nuclei and, one by one, transplanted each into a recently fertilized egg extracted from another mouse. That mouse was black and functioned as a kind of genetic control...
...researchers drew out the egg and sperm nuclei that were already in the black mouse's egg so that their genetic information could not influence the resulting clone. Next they cultured the cell in a solution of nutrients until it divided and grew into an early embryo, which was then inserted into the womb of a third mouse, this one white. The white mouse gave birth to a gray mouse, genetically identical to the original embryo...