Word: eijkman
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Many a guarded aspiration toward scientific fame subsided last week upon the awarding of the 1929 Nobel Prize in Medicine. Joint winners were Professor Frederick Gowland Hopkins of Cambridge University and Professor Christian Eijkman of the University of Utrecht. Both men pioneered in proving the existence, usefulness, necessity of vitamins in nutrition...
...Dutch Government assigned Dr. Eijkman to study causes of beriberi, a polyneuritis which was afflicting Dutch subjects in Java. He observed that the sick Javanese subsisted mainly on polished rice. He observed too that fowls suffered from an analogous polyneuritis and were feeding largely on polished rice. Putting many two's together he concluded that milling and polishing rice must remove some diet essential. He took some "silverskin" (rice pericarp) chaff, soaked it in water and fed the mash to sick fowls. They speedily recovered. Humans also recovered. Thus he showed that eating whole rice was a preventive against...
...Hopkins followed up Dr. Eijkman's early work on "pure" diets and vitamins. But more importantly he showed paths for others to follow. In 1913 Cambridge University made him its first professor of biochemistry. Here he made his fundamental contribution to science: by isolating from living cells the sulphur-containing peptide glutathione and demonstrating its great importance for the oxidation processes of the cells. King George made him a knight four years...
Many a U. S. nutritionist declared last week, without carping at the Nobel award to Professors Hopkins and Eijkman, that, if a future Nobel Prize for vitamin research is made, it should go to Professor Elmer Verner McCollum, 50, head of the department of chemical hygiene at Johns Hopkins school of hygiene & public health. He too was an early revealer of the vitaminic essentials for diet...
...Dutch scientist named Eijkman discovered that fowls contract a certain disease like beriberi if fed upon polished rice; that they can be cured by feeding them the part of the rice grain removed in polishing. In 1911 Casimir Funk, a Pole, proposed the name vitamine for this essential substance, whatever it was. Since that time vitamin has followed vitamin in quick succession?mainly discovered in U. S. laboratories. The orthodox three are "Fat-soluble A," "Water-soluble B," and "Water-soluble C." Then. there is Vitamin X," the reproductive vitamin. And lately many investigators have been working...