Word: einsteins
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...second relativity paper, the final report published in 1905, Einstein used relativity's mathematics as well as ideas from his photoelectric paper to make a historic deduction: if a body gives off an amount of energy (E) in the form of light, its mass will be reduced by that amount divided by the speed of light spuared (m = E/c2), From there was only one short algebraic step, but a giant intellectual leap, to a more daring conclusion: that mass and energy are not only equivalent but interchangeable...
...Einstein's awesome output in that miracle year of 1905 was as astounding as its implications In fact, nothing quite like it had occurred since 1666, when New ton, at 23, had left Cambridge and taken refuge in Lincolnshire from the bubonic plague and in that isolation studied the spectrum of light, invented calculus and aid the groundwork for his universal theory of gravitation and motion...
After seven years Einstein at last merged from the patent office and won a succession of academic posts in Prague and Zurich. Finally, on the ve of World War I, in spite of his distaste for Germany's pervasive militarism, he accepted a professorship at the University of Berlin and an appointment to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute as head of a newly created center for theoretical physics...
...move had some bitter consequences. After the outbreak of hostilities, Einstein, a socialist and pacifist, was one of four German intellectuals who signed a manifesto condemning the war. His wife and their two sons had returned to Switzerland. Within a few years the separation led to divorce. In a characteristic gesture of generosity, Einstein had agreed to give the money from his anticipated Nobel Prize to his family. (The $30,000 prize was finally announced in 1922?for his photoelectric theory. Relativity, still not universally accepted among scientists, was only hinted at in the Nobel citation.) Shortly after the divorce...
Meanwhile, Einstein's restless mind had turned from special relativity's uniform motion to the greater complexities of accelerated movements. These are motions involving changes in velocity: as when the earth's gravity draws an object toward the ground, the object's velocity increases by 9.8 meters (32 ft.) per second each second. Einstein took an approach entirely different from Newton. The 17th century master had noted what seemed to be a remarkable coincidence: gravity acted in the same way on all bodies, regardless of their mass. That could be shown by an apocryphal experiment of Galileo's in which...