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Communist Czechoslovakia's new leaders published detailed blueprints last week for their own "road to Socialism." Debated for weeks in camera, the action program drawn up by new Party Boss Alexander Dubček stressed the country's development through a combination of "broad democracy with a scientific and highly qualified management." It stopped short of the outright democratization that many Czechoslovaks are clamoring for, and made abundantly clear the Communist Party's unwillingness to permit challenges as yet to its dominant political role. Nonetheless, the remarkable document officially retired many bits of Marxist dogma and dealt...
...Monopoly Position," Dubček's program downgrades the dread State Security Service, or secret police, by depriving it of its ordinary police powers and confining its activities to counterespionage. The program asks for the rewriting of legal codes to assure "better and more consistent" protection of such rights as freedom of assembly and speech, envisions the proliferation of "specialinterest associations" and a strengthened role for non-Communist political parties. It also exhorts the Communist Party not to interfere in the work of the courts and judges...
...Feet. The whirlwind liberalization continued to buffet the country, bringing joy to most people but guilt and grief to others. Defense Minister Bohumir Lomský was among many who were forced to resign in disgrace; he denied having had a role in an attempted coup to prevent Dubček's takeover last January, but admitted that others had "misused" units of the army for that purpose. Josef Břešγtanský, 42, deputy president of the Czechoslovak Supreme Court and the man in charge of reviewing the trials of the Stalinist purge victims...
Thorough Housecleaning. The choice of Ćerník as the new Premier came as part of a thorough housecleaning of government and party. Dubček consolidated his control of the ruling Presidium by naming eight more of his men to that body. The entire Cabinet resigned, including Premier Jozef Lenárt, who was uncomfortably identified with Novotný's regime and had the added disadvantage of being a Slovak like Dubček in a land where ethnic balance among the leaders counts. As chairman of the State Planning Commission, Ćerník is highly...
...caution. Conscious of the apprehension of the Soviet Union and other Communist neighbors, the Central Committee passed a resolution warning of the dangers of two extremes. On the one hand, the resolution declared the party's firm intention of preventing a return to the era before Dubček's takeover; on the other, it cautioned the people against trying to go back to the days before Communism...