Word: electronic
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...neutron, since Cambridge's Dr. James Chadwick discovered it last year (TIME, March 7, 1932), has been considered an electrically inert combination of proton and electron. Two pictures of the combination have developed: 1) the heavy proton and the light electron bound together much like a dumbbell; 2) the electron hugging the proton like an onion peel. Such combinations should knock protons in certain definite directions. With a camera he invented, Yale's Franz N. D. Kurie showed that the behavior of protons recoiling from neutrons did not follow the calculated patterns. Only deduction tenable was that...
Cambridge's "positron" is a particle of positive electricity no heavier than the particle of negative electricity called the electron. Protons, heretofore considered the smallest unit of positive electricity, weigh 1,850 times as much as electrons. Cambridge's Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac long ago declared that mathematical necessities require the existence of light-weight protons. Last year Caltech's Carl David Anderson noticed some ion tracks which implied impacts from Theorist Dirac's light protons. Before the Royal Society last fortnight, Dr. P. M. S. Blackett, 35, tall, pale member of Lord Rutherford...
...that cosmic rays are photons, or particles of light. He believes they originate from the creation of matter between the stars. But where they originate was not the nub of last week's symposium. What they are was the point. Dr. Compton declared again that they were electrons (and/or photons) coming to earth from beyond the atmosphere, or originating at the top of the atmosphere. When a photon hits an atom in the atmosphere, the atom emits an electron. When an electron hits an atom, the atom emits a photon. Dr. Millikan declares that photons appear first, Dr. Compton...
When a smallest thing is discovered it must be observed more than once to be believed. In February, Cambridge University's Dr. James Chadwick proclaimed the existence of the neutron, new smallest thing (TIME, March 7). With the proton (positive electricity), electron (negative electricity) and photon (light particle), this made four smallest things. But the neutron is elusive, hard to find. It contains no detectable electric charge. It leaves no marks in the form of ionized or electrified particles when it passes through a gas. Having no charge, it is not repelled by charged atoms. Hence...
...been bombarding atoms with alpha particles are Mme Curie's daughter, Irene Curie-Joliot, her husband F. Joliot, Dr. Chadwick and Professor Walter Bothe of Giessen, Germany. Professor Bothe, bombarding beryllium, decided he was creating an artificial super-gamma ray. Dr. Chadwick decided that a proton and an electron knocked loose by alpha particles might combine, without any electrical charge at all, in one unit to make a neutron. This self-contained unit might be the ultimate unit of magnetism, having within itself opposite poles...